支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)又叫支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座、鞍座、鞍形(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座或加強(qiang)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，有(you)的(de)也稱(cheng)(cheng)為半管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭，提供(gong)了一個大(da)口徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)向小(xiao)口徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)分支，支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)焊(han)接(jie)其(qi)上的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)稱(cheng)(cheng)為主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，焊(han)接(jie)于支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)之(zhi)上的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)稱(cheng)(cheng)為支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)補強(qiang)措施以(yi)避(bi)免裂紋(wen)、角(jiao)焊(han)縫和邊(bian)的(de)錐(zhui)形(xing)增固(gu)，從而避(bi)免管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件和主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊(han)接(jie)時發生的(de)壁厚陡變。強(qiang)型管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件，代(dai)替使用(yong)異徑(jing)三通(tong)、補強(qiang)板(ban)(ban)、加強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段等支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)接(jie)形(xing)式，具(ju)有(you)安全可靠、降低造價(jia)［可代(dai)替插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（sstub-inn），其(qi)強(qiang)度較插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)強(qiang)很多，不需加強(qiang)板(ban)(ban)，且比有(you)加強(qiang)板(ban)(ban)的(de)插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)便(bian)宜］、施工簡單、改善介(jie)質流道(dao)、系列標準化、設計選用(yong)方便(bian)等突出優(you)點，尤其(qi)在(zai)高壓(ya)、高溫、大(da)口徑(jing)、厚壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)中使用(yong)日益廣泛，取代(dai)了傳統(tong)的(de)支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)接(jie)方法(fa)。

  支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)本體(ti)采用(yong)(yong)優質鍛(duan)件，用(yong)(yong)材(cai)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道材(cai)料相(xiang)同，有(you)碳(tan)鋼(gang)、合金鋼(gang)、不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)等(deng)。支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)座(zuo)與(yu)主管(guan)(guan)(guan)均(jun)采用(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)，與(yu)支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)或其(qi)他管(guan)(guan)(guan)［如短管(guan)(guan)(guan)、絲堵(du)（plug）等(deng)］、儀表(biao)、閥門的連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)有(you)對焊(han)(han)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)、承(cheng)(cheng)插焊(han)(han)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)、螺(luo)紋(wen)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)3種形(xing)式。支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)常用(yong)(yong)制造和(he)尺(chi)寸(cun)等(deng)執(zhi)行(xing)標準(zhun)有(you)MSS SP-97《整體(ti)加(jia)強鍛(duan)制分支(zhi)引出端管(guan)(guan)(guan)件-承(cheng)(cheng)插焊(han)(han)式、螺(luo)紋(wen)式與(yu)對焊(han)(han)式端頭(tou)》、GB／T19326《鋼(gang)制承(cheng)(cheng)插焊(han)(han)、螺(luo)紋(wen)和(he)對焊(han)(han)支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)座(zuo)》、HG／T 21632《鍛(duan)鋼(gang)承(cheng)(cheng)插焊(han)(han)螺(luo)紋(wen)和(he)對焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)》等(deng)標準(zhun)。

  法蘭(lan)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)件多用(yong)于特殊配(pei)管(guan)(guan)場合(he)，實際用(yong)量相對比(bi)較少(shao)。其他常用(yong)的管(guan)(guan)件還(huan)有加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)，例如螺紋加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)（threadolet）、承(cheng)插焊(han)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)（sockolet）、對焊(han)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)（weldolet）、插入加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)（insert weldolet）、斜接(jie)(jie)(jie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)（latrolet）、彎(wan)頭(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)（elbolet）以及馬鞍座（sweepolet）加(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)。

  典型加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)如圖(tu)4.6.14所示(shi)。這些加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)焊(han)在(zai)主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上(shang)，與(yu)三通一(yi)樣從主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上(shang)引出支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，不需另(ling)外補強(qiang)(qiang)，適用于高、中壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道。國內有化工標準(zhun)HG／T 21632《鍛鋼承插(cha)焊(han)螺(luo)紋和(he)對焊(han)接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺》。圖(tu)4.6.14（e）所示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)插(cha)入加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)（insert weldolet）、彎頭(tou)加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)（elbolet）以(yi)及 sweepolet加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)與(yu)主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)焊(han)縫(feng)可(ke)進行無損探傷(shang)檢(jian)查，焊(han)接(jie)(jie)可(ke)靠，克服了“馬(ma)鞍焊(han)”的(de)(de)(de)角焊(han)縫(feng)質量不易保證、檢(jian)查困難的(de)(de)(de)缺點，適用于火災(zai)危險分類為甲、乙類介(jie)(jie)質和(he)劇毒介(jie)(jie)質的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道，是(shi)理想的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)。圖(tu)4.6.14（f）所示(shi)是(shi)承插(cha)焊(han)和(he)螺(luo)紋連(lian)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)變徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)，用于DN50以(yi)下(xia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道及其管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)配件的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)。

  例如：某項目的材料描述為“WELDOLET DN 800×15，Sch80＞800×15 ，Sch80×1600”，意思是：主管規格是DN800，Sch80，支管規格是：DN15，Sch160。