1. 電凈液成分見表4-42.


表 42.jpg


2. 電凈液的性質和(he)用途


 電凈液(ye)都是堿性溶液(ye)，pH為11~13.溶液(ye)呈無色透明，手摸有滑感，-10℃不結冰。


 電凈液具有較(jiao)強(qiang)的去油作用，同(tong)時具有輕度的除(chu)氧化膜作用。


3. 使用方法


  用鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)蘸上(shang)電凈(jing)液(ye)，大型圓柱形工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)夾(jia)在(zai)(zai)機床車頭上(shang)旋轉(zhuan)，鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)固定(ding)在(zai)(zai)刀(dao)架上(shang)不動(dong)，將鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)接觸，并保(bao)持一(yi)定(ding)的相對(dui)運動(dong)速率，如果(guo)是(shi)平面工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，則(ze)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)固定(ding)，鍍(du)(du)筆(bi)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)平面上(shang)接觸，用手(shou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)移動(dong)保(bao)持相對(dui)運動(dong)速率。在(zai)(zai)通電的情況下在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)表面涂抹，達到去油(you)的目的。


  工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)與(yu)鍍(du)筆之(zhi)間的(de)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)有兩種方(fang)式：一種稱為正(zheng)極(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)(jing)，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)接負(fu)極(ji)，鍍(du)筆接正(zheng)極(ji)，去(qu)(qu)油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)快捷。通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)產(chan)生(sheng)大量(liang)的(de)氫(qing)氣(qi)，故工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)有滲(shen)氫(qing)現象(xiang)；另一種稱為反極(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)(jing)，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)接正(zheng)極(ji)，鍍(du)筆接負(fu)極(ji)，通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)產(chan)生(sheng)氧氣(qi)，其去(qu)(qu)油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)中等，作(zuo)用溫和(he)，沒有滲(shen)氫(qing)現象(xiang)。在實際工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中，往往是(shi)采用高檔電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓（10~18V),先正(zheng)極(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)(jing)后(hou)反極(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)(jing)聯合應(ying)用，效(xiao)果(guo)最(zui)佳。


4. 電凈(jing)工藝條(tiao)件


 電(dian)壓10~18V,一般取12V;時(shi)間30~90s;電(dian)凈(jing)液溫度 15~50℃。


 電(dian)凈(jing)后立(li)即用水沖洗干凈(jing)，表(biao)(biao)面水膜分布均勻，金(jin)屬表(biao)(biao)面呈現(xian)均勻的(de)潔凈(jing)狀(zhuang)態，立(li)即進(jin)行下道工序，不可使表(biao)(biao)面形成(cheng)干斑。